Financial Management - Calculation of Cost of Capital - Basic Formula

Cost of Capital: 

-the minimum return that investors expect for providing capital to the company.



How to Calculate Cost of Capital:

Formula:

1. Tax-adjusted cost of loan capital = Pre-tax cost of loan capital x (1- Tax Rate)

2. Cost of Preference Share = Dividend per share/ Market Price of Share

3. Cost of Ordinary Share = Dividend per share/ Market Price of Share

When dividend increase,

Cost of Ordinary Share = Dividend 1/ Share Price 0+ Rate of Increase
Where, Dividend 1 = Dividend 0 (1+ Rate of Increase)
             Share Price 0 = Present Market Price of Shares
             Rate of Increase = Rate of Increase of Dividend



Example:

A company has- 2000 million Ordinary Share Capital
                           2000 million Loan Capital
                           1000 million Preference Share Capital

Interest rate on loan capital = 10%
Rate of Dividend in Priority Share = 8%

Face Value of each share = Taka 100
Market Price of Ordinary Share = Taka 255
Market Price of Preference Share = Taka 110

Dividend this year = Taka 13 per share
Dividend has increased from earlier = 4%

Income Tax Rate = 40%

Calculate the weighted average cost of capital of the company.



Solution: 

Cost of Capital:

Tax-adjusted cost of loan capital = Pre-tax cost of loan capital x (1- Tax Rate)
                  = 0.10 x (1-.40)
                  = 0.06

Cost of Preference Share = Dividend per share/ Market Price of Share
                  = (0.08 x 100)/ 110
                  = 0.0727

Cost of Ordinary Share = Dividend 1/ Share Price 0+ Rate of Increase
                  = {13 (1.04)/ 255} + .04
                  = 0.0930


Weight:

Tax-adjusted cost of loan capital: 2000/ (2000+2000+1000) = 0.40

Cost of Preference Share: 1000/ (2000+2000+1000) = 0.20

Cost of Ordinary Share: 2000/ (2000+2000+1000) = 0.40



Weighted Average Cost of Capital = (0.06 x 0.40)+ (0.0727 x 0.20)+ (0.0930 x 0.40)

              = 0.024+ 0.01454+ 0.0372

              = 0.07574

          i.e. 7.57%